Venn Diagrams in LaTeX
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Venn Diagrams in LaTeX
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%
% Welcome to writeLaTeX
%
% This is a read only version of this example -- to start writing
% use the link in the top right. Thanks!
%
% Example from http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/venn-diagram/
% \title{Venn Diagrams in LaTeX}
%
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\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,backgrounds}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{comment}
:Title: Venn diagram
:Tags: Clipping, Transparency
This example shows how to create Venn diagrams by clipping paths.
| Authors: Till Tantau. Sligtly modified by Kjell Magne Fauske
| Source: `pgf-users`_ mailing list
.. _pgf-users: http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?thread_id=30896803&forum_id=45629
\end{comment}
% Suppose we have three circles or ellipses or whatever. Let us define
% commands for their paths since we will need them repeatedly in the
% following:
\def\firstcircle{(0,0) circle (1.5cm)}
\def\secondcircle{(45:2cm) circle (1.5cm)}
\def\thirdcircle{(0:2cm) circle (1.5cm)}
% Now we can draw the sets:
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw \firstcircle node[below] {$A$};
\draw \secondcircle node [above] {$B$};
\draw \thirdcircle node [below] {$C$};
% Now we want to highlight the intersection of the first and the
% second circle:
\begin{scope}
\clip \firstcircle;
\fill[red] \secondcircle;
\end{scope}
% Next, we want the highlight the intersection of all three circles:
\begin{scope}
\clip \firstcircle;
\clip \secondcircle;
\fill[green] \thirdcircle;
\end{scope}
% The intersection trick works pretty well for intersections. If you need
% the set-theoretic difference between two sets, things are a little more
% complicated:
% Suppose we want to highlight the part of the first circle that is not
% also part of the second circle. For this, we need to clip against the
% "complement" of the second circle. The trick is to add a large rectangle
% that encompasses everything and then use the even-odd filling rule
% (see the manual again):
\begin{scope}[shift={(6cm,0cm)}]
\begin{scope}[even odd rule]% first circle without the second
\clip \secondcircle (-3,-3) rectangle (3,3);
\fill[yellow] \firstcircle;
\end{scope}
\draw \firstcircle node {$A$};
\draw \secondcircle node {$B$};
\end{scope}
% When using the above, you will notice that the border lines of the
% original circles are erased by the intersection parts. To solve this
% problem, either use a background layer (see the manual) or simply draw
% the border lines after everything else has been drawn.
% The last trick is to cheat and use transparency
\begin{scope}[shift={(3cm,-5cm)}, fill opacity=0.5]
\fill[red] \firstcircle;
\fill[green] \secondcircle;
\fill[blue] \thirdcircle;
\draw \firstcircle node[below] {$A$};
\draw \secondcircle node [above] {$B$};
\draw \thirdcircle node [below] {$C$};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
% Naturally, all of this could be bundled into nicer macros, but the above
% should give the idea.
\end{document}